I’ve had a similar problem trying to install Debian 12 in the past…
Turned out it was the USB drive, I think. It didn’t have a problem booting and installing Mint, but with Debian it just wouldn’t boot. A different drive and it worked right away and flawlessly.
In Germany that would be the GT710 or GT730:
https://geizhals.de/?cat=gra16_512&pg=1&v=e&hloc=at&hloc=de&hloc=pl&hloc=uk&hloc=eu&sort=p&xf=11570_Passivk�hlung+(l�fterlos)
Just be advised that these came out in 2016 and were dog shit even then, but they are the cheapest. I’d say they’re not worth the 40+€ that is being asked for them, but you might find some cheapisch ones 2nd hand