If a country needs to overly emphasise an ideal, that’s usually because that ideal doesn’t apply in that country (“Land of the free”, “Democratic people’s republic of …”).
If a person needs to subscribe to patriotism, it’s usually because they have never accomplished anything better in their life than being born in a specific place.
There is no difference between patriotism and nationalism. Both instill pride in non-achievements (like being born in the right place) while degrading others for the offense of being born somewhere else.
This is absolutely it.
Patriotism is loving your country and wanting to do the best for it. Nationalism is the poison version of that.